Signs and Symptoms of a Papaya Allergy

Papaya is a fruit that grows in Mexico, Hawaii, and several tropical or subtropical countries and areas. The Hawaiian variety is the type most often found in grocery stores in the U.S. The fruit is pear-shaped and can grow as much as 20 inches in length. The skin and fruit of the papaya contain a latex-like enzyme that can cause allergic reactions in some people. Bananas and avocados have similar compounds. During an allergic reaction the body sees certain substances as a threat and releases histamine in response. The symptoms of an allergic reaction to papaya are similar to those of other food allergies.

Topical Signs and Symptoms

• The skin of the payapa may cause itching or rash on the hands. Handling the papaya, then touching the face may cause the eyes to itch and water. Ingesting the fruit may cause itching and burning around the lips and mouth as well as the throat and tongue. Hives, eczema and swelling in other parts of the body are also common topical reactions to the fruit.

Gastrointestinal Signs and Symptoms

• Gastrointestinal reactions to a food allergen are sudden, and the symptoms are similar to food poisoning. Stomach and abdominal cramping are both very common, as are bloating, gas and nausea. There may also be diarrhea and vomiting as the body tries to get rid of the irritant.

Respiratory Signs and Symptoms

• Almost all allergies have a respiratory component as the body releases histamine in response to the allergen. With a food allergy, those symptoms may be manifested as coughing, wheezing and chest congestion. Patients may also experience difficulty breathing and shortness of breath. There may also be sneezing and nasal congestion.

Severe Signs and Symptoms

• Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction in which the airways close and the person stops breathing. The lips, tongue and throat may swell, preventing air from getting into the lungs, or the bronchi in the lungs may actually become inflamed. In some cases, both may occur. If the patient does not receive immediate care he can go into shock and die.

  It is possible for someone to have a mild allergic reaction the first time then have a much more severe reaction---and even anaphylaxis--upon further exposure. For this reason, anyone who suspects he may have had an allergic reaction to papaya should consult an allergist, rather than trying the food again to confirm his suspicions. Allergy symptoms may become more severe as the day goes on, depending on the amount ingested and individual sensitivity. People experiencing a food allergy should seek medical attention.