Cetirizine Effects

Cetirizine is an over-the-counter medication used to alleviate the symptoms of seasonal and indoor allergies. As with any medication, certain side effects might be experienced by some patients taking cetirizine.

What is cetirizine?

• Cetirizine is the generic name for Zyrtec, a popular over-the-counter allergy medicine available in the United States. It is classified with a family of drugs called H1-receptor antagonists. Cetirizine has an antihistamine effect, meaning that it blocks the production of certain chemicals within the body that set off allergic reactions.

  Cetirizine comes in three forms: circular tablets, chewable tablets for children and flavored syrup for children and those who cannot take pills or have difficulty swallowing.

  It is used to treat both indoor and outdoor allergies. When taken as directed, it alleviates common symptoms associated with allergies such as runny nose, itchy and watery eyes and scratchy throat.

  It can also be used for other allergic reactions as directed by a physician.

How does cetirizine work?

• Cetirizine blocks natural chemicals called histamines from binding to receptors within the body. Histamines are responsible for allergy symptoms. By blocking the actions of histamines, allergy symptoms are reduced for as long as the medicine remains in the body.

  The itchy allergic rash known as hives can also be treated with antihistamines like cetirizine. Histamines cause hives as well as seasonal and indoor allergies, so cetirizine is effective in treating both conditions.

What are the side effects of cetirizine?

• The most common side effects associated with cetirizine are sleepiness, general fatigue and dry mouth. These symptoms are usually mild and become less noticeable as your body adjusts to the medicine.

  Sore throats and dizziness are also among cetirizine's side effects, although these side effects are rare and usually not bothersome.

Serious side effects of cetirizine

• If you experience breathing difficulties or swelling of the face, tongue or throat, go directly to the nearest emergency room or dial 911. These are symptoms of a severe allergic reaction and can be life threatening if left untreated.

  If your skin or the whites of your eyes become yellow while taking cetirizine, contact your doctor immediately. This is called jaundice and it is a sign that your liver is reacting negatively and cannot metabolize the medicine. Jaundice can be fatal if left untreated.

Contraindications of cetirizine

• If you have a history of kidney or liver disease, are pregnant or planning on becoming pregnant, are breastfeeding or have an allergy to any medications (especially antihistamines), you must tell your doctor before taking cetirizine.

  If you have a known sensitivity to any ingredient in cetirizine or to hydroxyzine you should not take cetirizine.

  Consult with your doctor before starting any medication and make sure you mention any other medications you take, including over-the-counter and natural supplements, to determine whether cetirizine is right for you.