Mold Allergies and Treatment

Mold is a fungus that grows in moist, humid climates. Mold spreads through spores, which can land in air conditioning vents and walls where it grows rapidly. The spores are allergens that can trigger asthma and allergic reactions in sensitive people. Even though removal and prevention of mold growth is an ideal method in treating allergies, medications are available to help alleviate swelling, respiratory problems and stuffy nose associated with the fungus.

Corticosteroids

• Corticosteroids are used in the treatment of inflammation for allergic reactions. When spores enter the body the immune system inflames to allow cells to surround the spore and remove it from the body. In patients with allergies or asthma, the swelling is exacerbated and breathing problems occur. Corticosteroids are administered using a nasal spray. These sprays are normally given to people with extreme allergic reactions whose airways are blocked during episodes. Brand names for nasal corticosteroids are fluticasone propionate (Flonase Veramyst) and mometasone (Nasonex).

Antihistamines

• Antihistamines control the histamine response from cells. Histamines are immune compounds that swell mucous membranes in the nose, causing the runny nose, itchy eyes, and sneezing. Antihistamines block the chemical's ability to attach to mucous membrane cells, alleviating the uncomfortable symptoms of mold allergies. Some medications available through a prescription are loratadine (Claritin, Alavert) and cetirizine (Zyrtec).

Cromolyn sodium

• Cromolyn sodium is available as NasalCrom. NasalCrom is nasal spray that is not as effective as corticosteroids but is available over the counter. The medication also works to inhibit histamine, but it does not work immediately. NasalCrom is used by taking doses several times a day. After several days the medication works by limiting the amount of allergic reactions and symptoms when the patient is in the presence of mold spores.