Signs of a Latex Allergy

Latex is used in the manufacturing of balloons, gloves, rubber bands, condoms and even the rubber soles of shoes and sneakers. For some people, exposure to products containing latex can result in allergic reactions that vary depending on individual sensitivity. MedlinePlus explains that latex contains a natural protein that can irritate the immune system; triggering mild to severe allergic reactions.

What is Latex?

• Latex is a natural rubber that is derived from the Hevea tree. According to Immune.com, latex is formed deep within the cambium layer of the tree. A healthy cambium layer is essential to the growth of the Hevea tree, so the tree must be carefully tapped to minimize damage when extracting the milky, liquid rubber.

Delayed and Immediate Reactions

• The signs and symptoms associated with latex allergies can occur immediately, or eventually; both dependent on a person's immune sensitivity. The American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology identifies an immediate latex allergy reaction to be the more dangerous of the two categories. Immediate reactions have the potential to be life threatening, and commonly affect the respiratory system. Delayed reactions, such as skin irritation and rashes, pose less of a health risk and usually appear within 36 hours of contact.

Rash

• The development of a rash that is often referred to as contact dermatitis is the most common sign that a latex allergy is occurring. Proteins in the latex can cause irritation when they come in contact with the skin, often resulting in hives or itchy raised blisters. The allergy is seen most commonly among workers who are employed in rubber plants, housekeepers, cosmetologists, physicians and medical personnel who are frequently exposed to the protein while wearing latex gloves, and patients who have been exposed to latex gloves during exams and surgeries. Latex rashes can often be relieved with ointments and the avoidance of latex products.

Respiratory Symptoms

• The cornstarch that is often used to line latex gloves is a convenience that allows for easy slipping on and off. Unfortunately, the proteins found in natural latex products can be attracted to the cornstarch, leaving a protein filled dust residue on the skin, and in the air. When the dust is breathed in by someone who is sensitive to latex, respiratory symptoms can develop. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that sinus irritations such as, a runny nose and sneezing can be the result. Wheezing, throat irritation and allergic asthma may also arise.

Shock

• Anaphylactic shock is of grave concern for anyone who has a severe sensitivity to latex. Fainting and dizziness can occur, along with a drop in blood pressure, and a weak pulse rate. According to Mayoclinic, an anaphylactic reaction can be life threatening if the allergic response causes the individuals airways to constrict; resulting in a breathing obstruction. Such a reaction should always be treated as an emergency that requires immediate medical attention.