Sulpha Drug Allergies

Many people experience adverse reactions to a medication at some point in their lives. About 5 percent to 10 percent of these reactions are caused by a drug allergy. An allergic reaction happens when your immune system overreacts to the proteins in the drug. Allergic reactions to sulfonamides, or sulfa drugs, are common. Signs of a sulfa allergy include a rash and hives, though more serious symptoms such as Stevens-Johnsons Syndrome can also occur.

Time Frame

• Most sulfa drug reactions occur soon after you first begin taking the medication. It's unusual to have an allergic reaction if you've safely taken the drug multiple times in the past.

Identification

• Tests to determine if you have a sulfa drug allergy are not available. Your doctor can determine if you are allergic to sulfonamides by evaluating your symptoms.

Prevention

• Avoiding all sulfa drugs is the only way to guarantee that you won't have an allergic reaction. Some people may wear a MedicAlert bracelet to warn others of their allergy.

Warning

• A sulfa drug allergy can cause anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction that may result death. Signs of anaphylaxis can include trouble breathing, hives, nausea and a swollen throat.

Tip

• If you are allergic to sulfa drugs, check with your doctor about which medications to avoid--you can't always tell if a drug is a sulfonamide based on the name alone.

Fun Fact

• While only 3 percent of the general population is unable to tolerate sulfa drugs, up to 60 percent of people with HIV/AIDS may be allergic to sulfonamides.