How can insight impairment effect behaviour in someone with dementia?

Insight impairment, also known as anosognosia, is a common symptom of dementia that can significantly impact a person's behaviour. It refers to the inability or lack of awareness of one's own deficits or impairments. Here's how insight impairment can affect behaviour in someone with dementia:

1. Denial: People with dementia may deny their memory loss or cognitive difficulties. This denial can lead to resistance to care and treatment, as they may not believe that they need assistance.

2. Impulsivity: Impaired insight can result in disinhibited behaviour. Individuals may engage in impulsive actions without considering the consequences, which can lead to safety risks and social embarrassment.

3. Aggression: Frustration and confusion caused by insight impairment can manifest as aggression. People with dementia may become irritable and easily agitated, lashing out verbally or physically at caregivers or loved ones.

4. Resistance to Change: Insight impairment can make it difficult for individuals to accept changes in their daily routines or environment. They may become resistant to new care plans or moving to a different living arrangement, leading to distress and conflict.

5. Social Withdrawal: The awareness of their own cognitive decline can cause individuals with dementia to withdraw from social interactions. They may avoid situations where their deficits might be apparent, resulting in isolation and loneliness.

6. Poor Judgement: Impaired insight can lead to poor decision-making abilities. Individuals may make unwise financial decisions, engage in unsafe activities, or neglect personal hygiene and health.

7. Emotional Disruption: Insight impairment can affect emotional regulation. People with dementia may experience mood swings, inappropriate emotional responses, or a sense of detachment from their surroundings.

8. Lack of Empathy: The inability to recognize the challenges faced by others can result in a decreased sense of empathy. This can lead to difficulties in understanding and responding to the needs of caregivers and loved ones.

As insight impairment progresses, it becomes increasingly difficult for individuals to manage daily activities and make informed decisions. Comprehensive care and support are essential to address the challenges posed by insight impairment and minimize its impact on behaviour in individuals with dementia.