What is acromioclavicular arthritis?

Acromioclavicular arthritis is a degenerative condition that affects the joint between the acromion (a bony projection on the shoulder blade) and the clavicle (collarbone). It is also known as AC joint arthritis or AC joint degeneration.

Causes

The most common cause of acromioclavicular arthritis is osteoarthritis, a condition that causes the cartilage in the joint to wear down. This can happen due to age-related wear and tear, injury to the joint, or other factors that damage the cartilage.

Other causes of acromioclavicular arthritis include:

- Rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune condition that causes inflammation in the joints

- Psoriatic arthritis, a type of arthritis that affects people with psoriasis

- Post-traumatic arthritis, which develops after an injury to the joint

Symptoms

Acromioclavicular arthritis can cause a variety of symptoms, including:

- Pain in the shoulder, especially at the top or front

- Swelling and tenderness over the AC joint

- Difficulty reaching overhead or doing activities that involve lifting the arm

- Clicking or grinding sensation when the arm is moved

- Weakness in the shoulder

Diagnosis

To diagnose acromioclavicular arthritis, your doctor will review your symptoms and examine your shoulder. He or she may also order imaging tests, such as X-ray or MRI, to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.

Treatment

There is no cure for acromioclavicular arthritis, but treatments are available to relieve pain and improve function. Treatment options include:

- Rest and activity modification

- Ice and heat therapy

- Anti-inflammatory medications

- Physical therapy

- Corticosteroid injections

- Surgery

If conservative treatments do not provide adequate relief, your doctor may recommend surgery. Surgery may involve removing damaged tissue in the joint or repairing or replacing the joint.