What Causes Asthma? Triggers Explained

What is asthma?

Asthma is a chronic (long-term) medical condition that affects the airways. The airways are tubes that carry air from your nose or mouth to your lungs and back out again. In asthma, the airways are inflamed (swollen) and sensitive. This makes them more likely to:

* narrow (constrict) when certain triggers are inhaled, such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or cigarette smoke

* produce extra mucus, which can cause coughing and wheezing

* tighten up (spasm) and make breathing difficult

Asthma triggers

Many things can trigger asthma attacks, including:

* Allergens. These are substances that your body recognizes as foreign and overreacts to. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, pet dander, mold spores, and cockroach droppings.

* Irritants. These are substances that can cause irritation and inflammation of the airways, even in people who don't have asthma. Irritants include tobacco smoke, air pollution, strong chemical fumes, and dust.

* Exercise. Exercise can trigger asthma attacks in some people, especially if they're not used to exercising or if they're exercising in cold or dry air.

* Weather changes. Changes in temperature, humidity, or barometric pressure can all trigger asthma attacks in some people.

* Stress. Stress can sometimes trigger asthma attacks, especially in children and teenagers.

* Illnesses. The common cold and flu can both trigger asthma attacks in some people.

* Certain medications. Some medications, such as aspirin and other NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), can trigger asthma attacks in some people.

If you have asthma, it's important to know what your triggers are and to take steps to avoid them. This can help you manage your asthma and prevent attacks.