How Xolair Treats Severe Allergic Asthma

Xolair (omalizumab) treats moderate to severe allergic asthma that isn't controlled with standard asthma treatments. It is a monoclonal antibody that targets Immunoglobulin E (IgE), an antibody that plays a role in the body's allergic response.

Here's an overview of how Xolair works to treat severe allergic asthma:

Binds to IgE:

- Xolair is designed to bind to and block IgE antibodies circulating in the bloodstream. IgE antibodies are produced by the immune system in response to allergens, such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander.

Inhibits IgE binding to mast cells:

- When an allergen comes into contact with a person with allergic asthma, it binds to IgE antibodies bound to mast cells, which are immune system cells found in the airways. This binding triggers the release of inflammatory mediators like histamine, causing asthma symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and difficulty breathing.

Reduces IgE levels:

- Xolair prevents IgE from binding to mast cells by blocking its interaction with allergens. This reduces the number of IgE antibodies available to bind to allergens, thereby decreasing the release of inflammatory mediators and reducing asthma symptoms.

Improves asthma control:

- By reducing IgE levels and blocking the interaction between allergens and mast cells, Xolair helps to improve asthma control. It can reduce the frequency and severity of asthma attacks, improve lung function, and decrease the need for rescue medications like short-acting beta-agonists.

Additional effects:

- Xolair may also have other effects related to its impact on the immune system. It can reduce airway inflammation, improve lung function, and decrease the risk of asthma-related hospitalizations and emergency department visits.

It's important to note that Xolair is not a cure for allergic asthma. It is typically used as an add-on therapy to standard asthma treatments, such as inhaled corticosteroids, long-acting beta-agonists, and leukotriene modifiers. The medication is administered as a subcutaneous injection under the skin, typically every 2 or 4 weeks, and the dose is determined based on the individual's weight and asthma severity.

Like any medication, Xolair can have potential side effects, and it's essential to discuss its use, risks, and benefits with a healthcare provider before starting treatment.