What is the cause of and treatment for nasal cellulitis?

Nasal cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the soft tissues of the nose, including the skin and underlying structures. It can quickly become severe and may lead to life-threatening complications if left untreated.

Causes

The most common cause of nasal cellulitis is a bacterial infection through a break in the skin, such as a cut, abrasion, or insect bite. The infection can also spread from nearby infection, such as a sinus infection or abscess.

Some of the bacteria that commonly cause nasal cellulitis includes:

- Staphylococcus aureus (staph)

- Streptococcus pyogenes (strep)

- Haemophilus influenzae (hiflu)

Risk factors for nasal cellulitis include:

- Diabetes

- Weakened immune system (e.g., due to HIV/AIDS or chemotherapy)

- IV drug use

- Recent trauma or surgery to the nose

Symptoms

The symptoms of nasal cellulitis can vary depending on the severity of the infection. Common symptoms include:

- Redness, warmth and swelling of the nose and surrounding area

- Pain and tenderness in the affected area

- Fever

- Chills

- Headache

- Fatigue

- Congestion

- Runny nose

- Difficulty breathing

Treatment

The treatment of nasal cellulitis typically involves antibiotics to kill the bacteria and reduce the infection. The type of antibiotic will depend on the bacteria causing the infection. In some cases, hospitalization may be necessary for IV antibiotics and close monitoring.

Other treatment measures may include:

- Pain relievers to manage pain

- Warm compresses to reduce swelling and pain

- Elevation of the head to help reduce swelling and improve drainage of the infection

- Intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration in severe cases

- Surgical drainage to remove any abscess or infected tissue (in severe cases)

It's important to see a doctor promptly if you have symptoms of nasal cellulitis. Early diagnosis and treatment can help reduce the risk of complications.

Prevention

Some ways to prevent nasal cellulitis include:

- Keep the skin around your nose clean and dry.

- Avoid touching or picking your nose.

- Avoid contact with people who are sick.

- Treat any sinus infections or nasal allergies promptly

- Practice good hygiene, including washing hands frequently.

- If you have a break in the skin around your nose, such as a cut or abrasion, clean it promptly and apply a bandage to prevent infection.