Treatment Guidelines for Nebulizer Use

A nebulizer is a device that transforms liquid medication into a mist that is inhaled into the lungs. It is a common method of providing treatment for sufferers of asthma. Although nebulizer therapy is potentially extremely beneficial, its effectiveness requires proper use and maintenance of the nebulizer unit. Treatment guidelines for nebulizer use vary with the individual and the type of device under consideration.

Basics

• Nebulizers typically combine a main base unit where medication is dispersed with a device that allows the aerosolized medication to be inhaled into the lungs. Depending on your particular unit, dispersal of your medication may be achieved by compressed air, oxygen or ultrasonic signal. The device used for inhalation may be a hand-held mouthpiece or a facial mask. Before you use your nebulizer for the first time, your doctor will provide you with dosage instructions based on your particular condition and medication.

Treatment

• According to the Cleveland Clinic, you should always wash and dry your hands thoroughly before treatment, and use your nebulizer in an area with good light. After plugging in the base of your nebulizer, you will place it on a flat surface and attach the tubing that connects it to the mouthpiece or mask. You will then put the proper dose of your liquid medication into a sealable cup located on the base. After confirming that the base is passing a fine mist up the tubing, you will sit in an upright position, and attach the mask or place your mouth on the mouthpiece. If you use a mask, make sure it fits properly over your mouth and nose. If you use a mouthpiece, make sure that your lips form a solid seal around its end. You will then breathe your medication in slowly and deeply, allowing it to penetrate into your lungs where it will do the most good. You can end your treatment session once you confirm that all the medication in base has been inhaled. Typically, this takes a total of five to 10 minutes.

  During the course of treatment, you may vomit or feel nauseous, or experience a bout of coughing. If these events occur, suspend your treatment temporarily and continue when you have regained your composure.

  In the aftermath of treatment, you may cough up mucus loosened in your lungs. If this happens, note the consistency and color of the mucus and supply this information to your doctor. As a rule, normal mucus is thin, and clear or white in color. Thicker or darker mucus may indicate an infection in your lungs. In some cases, your doctor may ask you to record peak flow measurements from your nebulizer unit before and after treatment.

After Treatment

• After treatment, you will need to break down the components of the nebulizer and clean them thoroughly. Between treatments on the same day, a warm-water rinse is sufficient. At the end of a day's treatments, wash the nebulizer cup and mask or mouthpiece with soapy water. Make sure all components are dry before you use them again.