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Signs & Symptoms of Autism at 18

While the signs and symptoms of autism are normally seen in toddlers, this neurodevelopmental disorder can go unrecognized until the onset of adulthood at 18. Autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by a "triad of impairments" in terms of social interaction, communication and repetitive activities. The World Health Organization's medical disorder classification criteria (IDC-10) requires that all three impairments are present when a child is 3 years of age. Regardless of the patient's age, it's important to recognize that no two cases of autism present identical signs and symptoms.

  1. Hypersensitivity

    • Noisy crowds can trigger negative reactions.

      Some individuals with autism show signs of hypersensitivity. Sometimes referred to as "sensory overloading," this can mean that one, two or even all senses are heightened. This could mean that sounds feel louder, tastes and smells seem stronger and lights may seem brighter. For an 18-year-old with autism, this could be evidenced by complaints about bothersome clothing tags or complaints of materials feeling scratchy.

    Lack of Peer Group

    • Teens with autism may have problems making friends within their peer group. For an 18-year-old, this could mean friendships with much older adults or younger children. Close friendships for people with autism can be challenging because of a mutual lack of understanding.

    Language Difficulties

    • Autism is characterized by signs and symptoms relating to communication. The extent of this can vary widely. This can include the repetition of particular phrases to echolalia, the echoing of another's words or sounds. Language may be understood by those with autism very literally. This means that jokes can be difficult for an 18-year-old with autism. Words may be used unusually or inappropriately by autistic individuals displaying dyspraxia. This type of autism is characterized by an obsession with words. This can mean that words may be used incorrectly because of a misunderstanding of meaning.

    Obsessions

    • At 18, an individual with autism may demonstrate signs of an unusually detailed knowledge about a particular subject or an obsessions with objects. Popular areas of expertise include include trains, television programs and video games. These may or may not be age appropriate. For example, some 18-year-olds with autism may obsess about Thomas the Tank Engine, while others focus on a particular rock band.

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