What are autism spectrum disorders?

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by difficulties in social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. ASDs are typically diagnosed in childhood, and they can range from mild to severe in their presentation.

Symptoms of ASDs can include:

- Difficulty with social interactions, such as making eye contact, understanding social cues, and interacting with peers.

- Problems with communication, such as difficulty understanding or producing language, and limited or repetitive speech.

- Restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, such as performing routines or rituals, insisting on sameness, and having intense interests in particular topics.

- Other symptoms, such as hyperactivity, impulsivity, and sensory sensitivities.

ASDs are thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, although the exact causes are not fully understood.

ASDs are typically diagnosed based on a clinical evaluation by a healthcare professional, such as a pediatrician, psychiatrist, or psychologist. Treatment for ASDs may include a variety of approaches, such as behavioral therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, and medication. Early intervention and support can help individuals with ASDs to improve their social skills, communication skills, and ability to participate in everyday activities.