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Degenerative Disc Syndrome

Degenerative disc syndrome, also known as degenerative disc disease, is a condition in which low back pain is caused by a damaged disc. Discs absorb shock between the vertebra in the spine. When discs degenerate over time, the spine loses the ability to stay flexible and pain will occur.

  1. Spinal Discs

    • Spinal discs have two parts, the hard outer layer and the soft jelly-like nucleus inside. The outer layer contains nerves and if a disc tears in this area it can be quite painful. The inner layer contains proteins and should these proteins leak out onto the nerves of the outer layer, you may suffer severe pain. Little blood supply is given to the discs of the spine so unlike other tissues in the body, discs cannot repair themselves when damaged so begins the downward spiral of disc degeneration.

    Symptoms

    • Symptoms of degenerative disc syndrome include pain, which is worse when sitting, bending or lifting. Severe pain that comes and goes, and a tingling or numbness in your fingers or toes. Your back may feel better when walking or running as opposed to standing or sitting. Depending on where the degenerated disc is located in your spine, you may have pain in your lower back, buttocks, thighs or neck.

    Diagnosis

    • Diagnosis will include a physical exam and an MRI. The MRI will show any damage to discs, but cannot confirm degenerative disc syndrome.

    Treatment

    • Back braces limit movement of the spine and may aid in healing. There are two types of braces, rigid and corset. The corset brace is less obtrusive and more comfortable to wear. Epidural steroid injections are given at the origin of pain. These injections contain an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid that reduces swelling and pain quickly and effectively and should last several weeks or months.

    Physical Therapy

    • An important part of your treatment involves learning exercises to strengthen back muscles. Your doctor or physical therapist will provide you with a list of stretches and exercises. These exercises will increase flexibility and strength into your back muscles providing support for your spine.

    Surgery

    • When physical therapy and injections do not provide relief from severe pain, surgery may be an option. A microdiscectomy involves removing a small section of bone or disc material from under or over the nerve root. This removes compression of the nerve caused by disc degeneration. Other surgeries may be available so discuss these options with your doctor.

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