What Is Spondylotic Disc Disease?

The spine literally supports us throughout our lives. With such a massive job to do, it's not surprising that over time the spine can take a beating. In some people, spine degeneration causes symptoms arising from problems with the vertebrae in the neck. This condition is called spondylotic disc disease, more commonly known as cervical spondylosis. Cervical spondylosis is a painful condition, but it's rarely life-threatening, although in some cases pressure on spinal nerves can be a danger.

Causes

• Most cases of cervical spondylosis are caused by wear and tear on the spine that naturally occurs with time. The discs that sit between the vertebrae begin to dry out. They can also start to protrude out from between the vertebrae or even herniate. The ligaments in the neck and back also become stiff. The bones and cartilage in the spine wear away and form bone spurs. These spurs can press on spinal nerves or even the spinal cord and in rare cases lead to nerve damage.

Symptoms

• Symptoms of cervical spondylosis include neck pain and pain that runs along the back, chest and shoulders. The arms, hands, legs, and feet may tingle or go numb. Reflexes may be abnormal. Some people may have difficulty walking or may feel clumsy and uncoordinated. In emergency cases, people with cervical spondylosis lose bowel or bladder control.

Risk Factors

• People are more likely to develop cervical spondylosis as they get older, simply because the spine has more time to degenerate. Previous injuries to the neck can hasten wear and tear, making cervical spondylosis more likely. Both men and women are at risk for cervical spondylosis, but men are more likely to develop the condition earlier in life.

Treatment

• For most cases of cervical spondylosis, a mixture of lifestyle changes and medication will help ease any pain. Over-the-counter non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) such as ibuprofen or aspirin are common treatments. Many people may wear a neck brace to stabilize the affected part of the spine. Mild exercise can also help -- a physical therapist may design a program for the patient.

Serious Cases

• When the above treatments don't work to ease cervical spondylosis, a doctor can prescribe steroid injections or muscle relaxants. Bed rest may also be necessary, with the neck put in traction. People who are at risk of nerve damage from cervical spondylosis can undergo surgery during which a surgeon removes bone spurs or herniated discs and reshapes the spine using bone or metal implants.