What is the term for decreased blood supply?

The term for decreased blood supply is ischemia. Ischemia occurs when there is a reduction or complete blockage of blood flow to a tissue or organ. This can result in damage or death of the tissue or organ if the blood supply is not restored quickly. Ischemia can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

- Arterial occlusion: This occurs when an artery becomes blocked, preventing blood from flowing to a downstream tissue or organ. Arterial occlusion can be caused by a blood clot (thrombus), an embolus (a foreign body that travels through the bloodstream and blocks an artery), or atherosclerotic plaque (a buildup of fatty material and other substances that narrows the arteries).

- Vasoconstriction: This occurs when the blood vessels narrow, reducing blood flow to a tissue or organ. Vasoconstriction can be caused by a variety of factors, including nerve damage, inflammation, and hormonal imbalances.

- Hypovolemic shock: This occurs when the body does not have enough blood volume to meet its needs. Hypovolemic shock can be caused by severe bleeding, dehydration, or third spacing (the accumulation of fluid outside of the blood vessels).

Ischemia can cause a variety of symptoms, including pain, numbness, tingling, coolness, and weakness. In severe cases, ischemia can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and even death.