Why do veins hurt and turn purple under your skin?
When a vein becomes inflamed or irritated, it can appear swollen, red, and painful. This condition is known as phlebitis and is often caused by a blood clot that forms inside the vein. As the clot grows, it can block blood flow and cause the vein to expand, resulting in pain and discoloration.
The underlying causes of phlebitis include:
- Trauma to the vein: A direct injury or blow to the vein can damage its lining and lead to inflammation.
- Infection: Bacteria can enter the vein through an open wound or by travelling from another part of the body, causing infection and inflammation.
- Blood clots: These can form in veins due to various factors, including prolonged immobility, certain medical conditions, dehydration, or excessive pressure on the vein.
- Varicose veins: Weak or damaged valves in the veins can cause blood to pool and form varicose veins. This can lead to phlebitis if the varicose veins become inflamed or irritated.
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): A severe form of phlebitis that occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the leg. DVT requires prompt medical treatment to prevent the clot from travelling to the lungs and causing a pulmonary embolism.
Symptoms of phlebitis may include:
- Pain, tenderness, and warmth in the affected area
- Swelling and discoloration of the skin over the vein
- A hard, cord-like feeling under the skin
- Visible bluish or purple veins
- Fever and chills (if the infection is severe)
Treatment for phlebitis typically involves:
- Resting the affected leg and avoiding prolonged standing or sitting
- Compression therapy, such as wearing elastic stockings, to help improve blood flow
- Pain relievers to manage discomfort
- Antibiotics if the inflammation is caused by an infection
- Blood thinners to prevent the formation of new clots
In severe cases, hospitalization and surgical intervention may be necessary. It's crucial to seek medical attention if you experience unexplained pain, swelling, or discolouration in your legs to ensure timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment.