Iron Sucrose Nursing Procedures

Iron is essential for many functions inside the body, especially for the transport of oxygen throughout the bloodstream. Iron sucrose is an intravenous form of iron prescribed to treat iron deficiency anemia in people suffering from kidney disease. It is often prescribed in conjunction with medications that promote the growth of red blood cells. Registered nurses administer iron sucrose injections while adhering to important nursing procedures that ensure the patient's health and safety.

History

• Before administering iron sucrose, verify the patient's history and confirm the physician's prescription for the treatment. According to Medhelp.org, patients should not have iron sucrose if they have a history of allergies to iron or if they have been diagnosed with hemochromatosis, also known as iron overload. Certain conditions such as low blood pressure, hepatitis and frequent blood transfusions, may result in necessary changes to the dosage. Some patients require special testing before beginning iron sucrose injections. Ask the patient if she may be pregnant before starting the medication.

Vital Signs

• Changes in blood pressure indicate a change in condition.

  Before starting any intravenous treatment, vital signs must be acquired to establish a baseline for the patient's normal levels. Vital signs include temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate and blood pressure. Check vital signs before, during and after the transfusion is complete. Changes in blood pressure, temperature, pulse rate and breathing rate are often the first signs of an allergic or adverse reaction. Medscape.com reports that low blood pressure is one of the most common adverse effects of iron sucrose treatment, so check the patient's blood pressure frequently. Vital signs are one of the most important responsibilities for a nurse administering iron sucrose injections.

Procedure

• Iron sucrose is prescribed as an injection administered slowly over a specific period of time or as an infusion distributed intravenously in a controlled setting. Iron sucrose can also be delivered through a dialysis line for patients receiving hemodialysis therapy. Follow all nursing IV protocols, including checking the IV site for redness, warmth and swelling. These symptoms often represent early signs of an infection and may signal a negative reaction to the transfusing medicine. Check the IV lines frequently to ensure they are open and the medication is administering properly.

Observation

• Monitoring for adverse reactions is an important part of the nursing process when administering iron sucrose. Observe the patient for any signs of allergic reactions or medication side effects. According to Rxlist.com, serious side affects of iron sucrose include chest pain, swelling in ankles and feet, trouble breathing, fainting and severe headache. Encourage the patient to report any unusual symptoms while receiving iron sucrose treatment. Monitor for allergic reactions to the medication such as rashes, hives, severe dizziness, trouble breathing and swelling of the throat or tongue. If any of these reactions occur, stop the injection immediately and notify emergency personnel of the patient's condition. Iron sucrose injections are an important part of treatment for iron-deficiency anemia, and following standard nursing protocol will ensure a safe and healthy outcome for the patient.