What Should I Do When Blood Sugar Is High?

High blood sugar is also known as hyperglycemia. It occurs when there are high levels of glucose (a simple sugar) in the blood, often caused by the body's inability to properly metabolize it. An inability to metabolize glucose is often the result of diabetes.

Initial Testing

• It is important to do a blood test (urinalysis) if you think your blood sugar is higher than it should be. Urinalysis kits can be purchased over the counter and administered at home. Once administered, look for the presence of ketones (carbon-based compounds). If you test positive for ketones, seek medical attention. The presence of ketones in urine can lead to a chronic complication known as diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetic ketoacidosis is characterized by an inability to properly metabolize glucose on account of a deficiency or lack of insulin. If you test positive, you will need medical help to lower your blood sugar. If you test negative for diabetic ketoacidosis, you may be able to lower your blood sugar through exercise and diet.

Exercise

• Try to stay as physically active as possible. Exercise rigorously for at least 30 minutes every day. Engage in activities that will raise your heart rate and improve circulation, such as running, swimming and walking. This will make your muscles more sensitive to the absorption of insulin and allow your body to metabolize glucose more efficiently.
  It is possible for your blood sugar to drop to an unsafe level after exercising. This is a condition known as hypoglycemia. Consider taking foods high in sugar and carbohydrates, such as candy or dried fruit, with you when you exercise. Test your blood sugar after exercising to determine whether eating such food is necessary.

Diet

• Foods rich in carbohydrates tend to increase blood sugar. A healthy diet that includes low levels of carbohydrates and high levels of vitamins will therefore help regulate hyperglycemia. Avoid foods such as potatoes, chocolate, rice, bread and corn. Try to incorporate whole grains, beans and soy products into your diet. Eat green vegetables and fruits as much as possible. These have high levels of anti-oxidants and phytochemicals and can help prevent disease while maintaining proper levels of blood sugar.
  Diet is even more important if your high blood sugar is related to diabetes. Poor regulation of diet in a diabetic can lead to damage of the nerves, blood vessels and vital organs.