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Reasons for a Low Platelet Count

Low platelet count, also known as thrombocytopenia, is often the result of bone disorders or an immune system disorder. If left untreated, it can lead to excessive bleeding.

  1. Causes

    • Thrombocytopenia happens as a result of bone marrow not producing enough platelets. "Leukemia, lymphomas, infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, which causes AIDS), and a variety of other bone marrow disorders can have this effect," according to The Merck Manual of Health & Aging.

    Symptoms

    • "Bleeding in the skin may be the first sign that the platelet count is low," states The Merck Manual. Easily bruising and small red dots appearing under the skin on the lower legs are more common symptoms.

    Complications

    • Mild forms of thrombocytopenia typically have no long-lasting complications. More severe cases can lead to "bleeding into the brain or digestive tract, which although rare, can be life-threatening" reports the Mayo Clinic.

    Diagnosis

    • If your doctor suspects that you have a low platelet count, a test can confirm it. An electronic device is used to count platelets and to see how long it takes for the blood to clot.

    Treatment

    • Medications that "block the antibodies that attack platelets, such as corticosteroids," as well as blood transfusions and plasma exchange, can treat thrombocytopenia, according to the Mayo Clinic.

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