What Fibromuscular About

Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a non-atherosclerotic disease that affects medium-sized arteries, most commonly the renal arteries. It is characterized by alternating narrowing and widening of the affected arteries, as well as thickening of the arterial wall. FMD can affect people of all ages, but it is most commonly seen in women between the ages of 30 and 50.

Causes

The exact cause of FMD is unknown, but it is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some of the risk factors for FMD include:

* Family history of FMD

* Certain medical conditions, such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and Marfan syndrome

* Smoking

* High blood pressure

* High cholesterol

* Diabetes

Symptoms

FMD can cause a variety of symptoms, depending on the affected arteries. Some of the most common symptoms include:

* High blood pressure

* Headaches

* Neck pain

* Back pain

* Fatigue

* Nausea

* Vomiting

* Dizziness

* Blurred vision

* Stroke

Diagnosis

FMD is diagnosed through a variety of tests, including:

* Physical examination

* Blood pressure measurement

* Arterial ultrasound

* CT scan

* MRI

* Angiography

Treatment

There is no cure for FMD, but there are a variety of treatments that can help to manage the symptoms and prevent complications. Some of the most common treatments include:

* Medication to lower blood pressure

* Surgery to remove or bypass the affected arteries

* Stent placement

* Angioplasty

Prognosis

The prognosis for FMD is generally good, but it can depend on the severity of the disease and the affected arteries. Most people with FMD are able to live normal, healthy lives with proper treatment.