In Pictures: How RA Affects Different Parts of Your Body

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints. However, it can also impact various other parts of the body, leading to a range of symptoms and complications. Here's a look at how RA can affect different parts of the body:

1. Joints:

RA commonly affects the joints, causing inflammation, swelling, pain, and stiffness. It often starts in the smaller joints, such as those of the fingers and toes, but can eventually progress to larger joints, including the knees, hips, shoulders, and elbows.

2. Skin:

Rheumatoid nodules are firm, round bumps that can develop under the skin, particularly around the elbows, wrists, and fingers. They are a common sign of RA and may indicate more severe disease activity.

3. Eyes:

RA can lead to dry eye syndrome, causing irritation, burning, or a gritty sensation in the eyes. It can also cause inflammation in the eye tissues, a condition known as scleritis, leading to eye pain and redness.

4. Lungs:

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a complication of RA that affects the lungs, causing inflammation and scarring of the lung tissue. It can result in shortness of breath, coughing, and fatigue.

5. Heart:

RA increases the risk of cardiovascular problems, including heart attacks and strokes. The inflammation associated with RA can damage the arteries, leading to the buildup of plaque and narrowing of the arteries.

6. Blood Vessels:

Vasculitis, an inflammation of the blood vessels, can occur in some people with RA. It can affect arteries, veins, or small blood vessels (capillaries), leading to a variety of symptoms depending on the affected vessels.

7. Bone:

RA can cause bone loss and osteoporosis due to the inflammatory process and the release of certain chemicals that break down bone tissue. Weakened bones may become more susceptible to fractures.

8. Muscles:

Muscle weakness and fatigue are common symptoms of RA. The inflammation associated with the disease can affect muscle tissue, leading to muscle weakness, pain, and atrophy.

9. Nerves:

RA can cause nerve damage, leading to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, burning sensations, or muscle weakness. Nerve damage can occur due to inflammation, compression of nerves by swollen tissues, or vasculitis.

10. Kidneys:

RA can affect the kidneys, leading to inflammation and damage to the kidney tissue. This condition, known as rheumatoid kidney disease, can cause protein and blood in the urine, high blood pressure, and kidney failure.

It's important to note that not all individuals with RA will experience all of these symptoms or complications. The severity and progression of RA vary from person to person. Regular monitoring and management by a healthcare team are essential to prevent or address any potential complications and improve overall well-being.