What actually happens when the body has no oxygen as in what to muscles is entering body?

When the body has no oxygen, a condition known as hypoxia occurs. Hypoxia can have various effects on muscles and the body as a whole. Here's what happens to muscles in the absence of oxygen:

1. Anaerobic Metabolism:

- In the absence of oxygen, muscles switch from aerobic metabolism (oxygen-dependent) to anaerobic metabolism (oxygen-independent) to generate energy.

- Anaerobic metabolism produces lactic acid as a byproduct, which can lead to muscle fatigue and decreased performance.

2. Muscle Contractions:

- Without oxygen, muscles can still contract for a short period using the stored energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

- However, ATP is quickly depleted during anaerobic metabolism, and muscle contractions become weaker and slower.

3. Muscle Fatigue:

- As ATP stores are depleted and lactic acid accumulates, muscles become fatigued and eventually cease to contract effectively.

- This fatigue can manifest as muscle weakness, cramps, and an inability to perform physical activities.

4. Muscle Damage:

- Prolonged hypoxia can cause damage to muscle fibers.

- This damage can result in muscle soreness, inflammation, and pain.

- In severe cases, hypoxia can lead to muscle necrosis (cell death) and permanent muscle damage.

5. Energy Failure:

- Muscles rely on oxygen to produce energy through cellular respiration.

- Without oxygen, energy production decreases significantly, leading to a reduction in muscle strength, endurance, and power output.

6. Cardiovascular Effects:

- Hypoxia can also affect the heart and blood vessels, leading to cardiovascular complications such as arrhythmias, increased heart rate, and decreased blood flow to muscles.

7. Neurological Effects:

- Severe hypoxia can impact brain function, causing confusion, impaired judgment, loss of consciousness, and in extreme cases, coma or death.

It's important to note that the effects of hypoxia can vary depending on the severity and duration of oxygen deprivation. In cases of transient hypoxia (temporary loss of oxygen), the body can usually recover quickly once oxygen is restored. However, prolonged or severe hypoxia can cause significant damage to muscles and other organs.