What makes lower leg limb turn black and shiny?

There are several potential causes for the lower leg limb to turn black and shiny:

1. Necrosis: This refers to the death of tissue due to a lack of blood flow. When tissue dies, it can turn black and shiny. Necrosis can occur for various reasons, such as severe injury, infection, or underlying medical conditions that affect circulation, like diabetes or peripheral artery disease.

2. Gangrene: Gangrene is a severe form of tissue necrosis that results from a complete lack of blood supply. It is characterized by the death and decomposition of tissue, often leading to a black and shiny appearance. Gangrene can occur due to various factors, including infection, trauma, or chronic circulatory conditions.

3. Venous Insufficiency: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a condition where the veins in the legs do not work properly, causing blood to pool in the lower extremities. Over time, this can lead to skin changes, including darkening and thinning of the skin, which may appear shiny.

4. Hyperpigmentation: Hyperpigmentation refers to the darkening of the skin due to an increased production of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. While it typically does not cause the skin to turn black and shiny, in some cases, it can lead to noticeable skin darkening. Certain medical conditions, sun exposure, hormonal changes, or medications can cause hyperpigmentation.

5. Livedo Reticularis: Livedo reticularis is a skin condition characterized by a purplish-red or bluish-black net-like pattern on the skin, typically involving the lower legs. While not always associated with skin shininess, in some cases, the involved areas may have a glossy or shiny appearance.

6. Melanoma: Melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer. In some cases, advanced melanoma can lead to the development of black, shiny lesions on the skin, particularly on the lower extremities.

It is essential to consult a medical professional for proper evaluation and diagnosis if you notice any concerning changes in the appearance of your lower leg limbs, such as darkening, shininess, or any other unusual symptoms.