What are the Goniometer Instructions?

A goniometer is a device that measures range-of-motion and the angles of joints. It looks similar to a protractor with two, movable arms. ROM indicates the amount of flexibility and movement in a joint. Injuries and surgeries typically reduce the ROM in affected joints, according to Dr. Erin Ducat. During treatment and rehab, goniometers gauge the progress of healing and restoration of the ROM. Goniometers also assist designers of household and office ergonomic furniture.

Step 1

• Isolate the movement of the affected joint by stabilizing the area near the affected joint. Instruct the individual not to move other parts of his body.

Step 2

• Align the fulcrum (the hinged portion) of the goniometer with the fulcrum of the affected joint. The joint's fulcrum is the area of movement for that joint.

Step 3

• Align the stationary arm of the goniometer with the body or limb area closest to the joint that will also remain stationary. Align the movable arm of the goniometer with the body or limb area that is being tested for ROM.

Step 4

• Record the starting measurement in degrees. Move the affected joint through its ROM, holding the goniometer in place. Record the endpoint. Calculate the degrees difference in the two endpoints for the ROM.

Step 5

• Compare the ROM to the joint range-of-motion table. Record in the individual's chart the degrees the joint moved from the neutral (0º) position. Take periodic goniometer readings to track progress.