What Are Heel Spurs?

Heel spurs, soft calcium deposits within the heel of the foot, result from a condition called plantar fasciitis. The suffix "itis" means inflammation or swelling, and plantar fasciitis is a swelling of the connective tissue on the bottom of the foot. Heel spurs can be seen on an X-ray.

Causes of Heel Spurs

• Plantar fasciitis, the inflammation that results in the formation of heel spurs, is caused by pressure or tension on the bottom of the foot. Activities such as running, skating or dancing can result in heel spurs, as can being overweight. Shoes that do not fit well can also cause plantar fasciitis, resulting in heel spurs.

Symptoms and Diagnosis of Heel Spurs

• Pain in the heel of the foot, especially first thing in the morning, is the most common symptom of heel spurs. Heel spurs may form painlessly, only becoming symptomatic when the spur creates pressure on nerves or soft tissue. An X-ray will reveal the calcium deposits, or "spurs," that have formed in response to stress on the plantar fascia. With time, calluses or corns on the foot may have developed as the body tries to cushion the affected spot.

Treating the Symptoms

• Pain caused by plantar fasciitis may be treated with rest, ice and ibuprofen. If you can't stay off the affected foot, wrapping or taping it may help to relieve the pressure and prevent worsening of the fasciitis. Gentle stretching of the sole of the foot and the calf muscles may also help, as may deep tissue massage.

Long-Term Treatment

• If plantar fasciitis is the result of being overweight, sustained weight loss may heal the problem and prevent recurrence. Shoes that fit well and provide adequate arch support or arch support inserts may also be helpful. Making regular stretching of the foot and calf muscles part of your regular morning routine will improve the condition of the plantar fascia. Surgery is seldom necessary or recommended.