Hamstring Strain Vs. Tear

The hamstring consists of three muscles on the back of the thigh. Hamstring strains or pulls occur when muscle fibers tear in varying degrees. A strained hamstring is rated as either grade 1, 2 or 3. Grade 3 tears are the most severe, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

Types of Symptoms

• Mild or grade 1 hamstring strains cause minor tears in the hamstring. Symptoms can include muscle tightness as well as some swelling and discomfort.

Other Types of Symptoms

• A moderate or grade 2 strain will usually affect a person's walk to some degree. People may have a noticeable limp, palpable swelling and pain. The pain will increase with pressure on the hamstring muscles. One may also have trouble fully extending their leg.

Effects of Grade 3 Tears

• Grade 3 tears typically cause significant pain. At times, one or more of the hamstring muscles become detached from the bone (avulsion), which is why people often think tears and strains are separate injuries. People with this type of hamstring injury usually need crutches for getting around. Surgery is often required.

Prevention/Solution

• Those who have grade 1 and 2 hamstring strains need to rest and avoid physical activity for awhile. During this time, ice should be used to reduce inflammation. Anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen and naproxen can alleviate swelling and pain.

Benefits of Exercise

• Exercise can help increase mobility and strength in the hamstrings once the initial swelling and inflammation have subsided. Exercise is also recommended after surgery for grade 3 strains.