Information on Bunion Surgery

A bunion is a foot deformity that occurs when the bone that joins the first metatarsal and the big toe becomes too prominent. A bump, called a bunion, made of bone and soft tissue forms along the inside border of the foot as a result of the bone jutting out. This problem can develop as a result of a hallux valgus (which means big toe in Latin).

Bunion Surgery

• The vast majority of bunions can be treated without resorting to surgery, so bunion surgery is often a last resort when other treatments fail. An orthopedic surgeon can help to determine when bunion surgery is appropriate, and the surgery itself can relieve pain and help to restore the normal shape of the foot, allowing you to return to normal activities. The majority of people who undergo bunion surgery (between 85 and 90 percent) find the surgery is successful.

Is Bunion Surgery For You?

• Bunion surgery is recommended for patients who exhibit a number of different characteristics. Surgery can benefit those who experience foot pain that is severe enough to limit normal activities (like walking or wearing shoes without pain). It may also be recommended for those who have swelling and inflammation that does not respond to medication, or those who experience pain that can't be treated with medication. Those with stiffness and an inability to bend or straighten the big toe may also be candidates.

Types of Bunion Surgery

• There are several different types of bunion surgery. The first involves repairing tissue on the toe which is too tight on one side and too loose on the other, by shortening the loose tissues and making the tight tissues longer. The second, anthrodesis, involves removing damaged joints and inserting screws, wires or plates. The third time, exostectomy, involves removing the bump on the toe joint to treat an enlarged bone. This procedure is not used often, because it does not resolve the drifting of the big toe. The fourth, a resection anthroplasty, removes the damaged portion of the joint and realigns it.

Preparing For Surgery

• Generally, a complete physical is recommended before surgery, including a thorough medical history listing all medications you are taking. Pre-surgical tests are recommended, including blood samples, a cardiogram, and foot x-rays to determine the appropriate type of bunion surgery.

Expectations

• Patients should not expect a quick fix or a perfect food after bunion surgery. The goal is to improve pain and alignment; it is not cosmetic surgery and will not to cure the deformity. Bunion surgery will not change your foot size, and you still may need to wear special shoes to avoid the reappearance of the bunion.