What Causes Poor Bone Development in a Fetus?

The development of the human fetus is a complex process. During the course of nine months, the fertilized egg divides and divides again until all of the major organs are fully developed. The development of the fetus is aided or hindered to a great extent by the lifestyle and health choices made by the mother during pregnancy. While some hereditary and congenital conditions may affect bone development in fetuses, most experts agree the most important factor is proper nutrition.

Congenital

• Congenital neuro-muscular disorders, those conditions that result in immobilization of fetuses, can result in a reduction of bone thickness, according to a study the December 1988 issue of the journal Calcified Tissue International.

Nutrition

• According to a study at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health's Center for Human Nutrition, poor nutrition during pregnancy was a factor in poor bone development in fetuses.

Calcium

• Low calcium intake among pregnant teenagers adversely affects bone development in their babies, because the teenager's body is attempting to use the calcium for its own bone building needs, according to a report in Bio-Medicine.

Alcohol

• Alcohol ingested by the mother during pregnancy can enter the fetal circulation system resulting in fetal alcohol syndrome, which results in a deficiency of bone growth.

Vitamin D

• According the textbook, "Fundamentals of Nursing," inadequate Vitamin D can prevent the necessary calcification of the bones resulting is soft bones in the fetus.