Major parts of the nervous system?
Central Nervous System (CNS):
1. Brain: Controls cognitive functions, emotions, sensory processing, motor control, and homeostasis.
2. Spinal Cord: Transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body, facilitating voluntary and involuntary actions.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS):
1. Somatic Nervous System: Controls voluntary skeletal muscle movements and consciously perceived sensations from the body.
- Afferent (Sensory) Neurons: Carry sensory information from receptors to the CNS.
- Efferent (Motor) Neurons: Carry motor commands from the CNS to skeletal muscles.
2. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): Regulates involuntary functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing. Contains two divisions:
- Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS): Activates the "fight or flight" response, preparing the body for physical activity.
- Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS): Promotes "rest and digest" functions, restoring the body to a relaxed state.
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