Definition of Brain Damage

Brain damage is classified as any traumatic injury to the brain that can disrupt the brain's normal function. Injury to the brain can occur in any region of the brain.

Causes

• The most common reason for brain damage is a head injury: a closed injury where the skull is not broken, or an open injury where there is direct impact on the brain. Even if there is no skull fracture, the brain can still be bruised.

Symptoms

• Symptoms of brain damage vary depending on where in the brain the injury occurs. The most frequently appearing symptoms include paralysis, memory loss, changes in personality, visual problems and tremors.

Diagnosis

• Damage to the brain can be diagnosed by a neuropsychological test that examines function and movement. The location of the trauma can be pinpointed through MRI or CT scans.

Treatment

• Treatment for brain damage includes a combination of physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, neuropsychological therapy and a support system.

Warning

• Some brain damage is irreversible, and patients may require lifelong support.