Symptoms of Brain Swelling

Each year, approximately 1.5 million people suffer from traumatic brain injuries caused by a sudden violent movement or a blow to the head. The injuries, frequently caused by falls and motor vehicle accidents, can result in swelling of the brain.

Significance

• When the brain swells, it creates pressure inside the skull that prevents blood from flowing to the brain and deprives it of the oxygen it needs to function. The result can be brain damage or death.

Identification

• Symptoms of brain swelling include headache, dizziness, memory loss, slurred speech, seizures, and repeated vomiting.

Considerations

• Always get checked by a doctor if you have suffered a blow to the head. Doctors can use a CT scan or MRI to determine if swelling is present.

Treatment

• The goal for treating brain swelling is to ensure the brain is receiving enough blood and oxygen by relieving pressure in the skull. Depending on the extent of the brain injury, treatment can be as simple as resting at home, getting oxygen therapy, or receiving IV medications or as complicated as drilling a hole in the skull or removing a portion of the skull to remove fluid and relieve pressure.

Time Frame

• Brain swelling most often occurs at the time of the injury and can dissipate within three days. However, the long-term effects of swelling, such as cognitive disabilities, headaches, seizures, and vision problems, may last a lifetime.