What does break of weakened bone mean in medical terms?

Pathologic Fracture

A pathologic fracture is a break in a bone that occurs due to an underlying disease or condition that weakens the bone. These fractures are distinct from traumatic fractures, which occur due to direct trauma or injury to the bone.

Pathologic fractures most commonly affect bones weakened by:

1. Cancer: Cancerous tumors can grow in or near the bone, eroding the bone tissue and weakening it.

2. Bone infections (osteomyelitis): Infections in the bone can damage the bone tissue and lead to weakening.

3. Metabolic bone diseases: Conditions like osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and Paget's disease can alter the bone's strength and make it more susceptible to fractures.

4. Bone cysts and tumors (benign): Certain non-cancerous bone cysts or tumors can weaken the bone structure and increase the risk of fracture.

5. Rare bone disorders: Some inherited or acquired bone disorders can affect the bone's integrity, predisposing it to fractures.

Pathologic fractures can occur spontaneously, even without any significant external force or trauma. They are often seen in weight-bearing bones, such as the hip and femur (thigh bone), but can also affect other skeletal sites.

Early detection and management of the underlying cause are essential for treating pathologic fractures. Depending on the underlying condition and the location and severity of the fracture, treatment may involve:

- Immobilization (casting or bracing)

- Surgery (internal fixation or reconstruction)

- Radiation therapy

- Chemotherapy

- Medications to strengthen the bone

It's important to note that pathologic fractures are not the same as stress fractures, which are small cracks or injuries in the bone caused by repetitive stress or overuse.