What happens after you get third degree burns?
Third degree burns involve damage to all layers of the skin, including the epidermis (the outermost layer of skin), the dermis (the underlying connective tissue), and the subcutaneous fat. When the body is exposed to extreme heat, chemicals, or radiation, the skin's protective barrier is compromised. Third degree burns can cause severe damage and require immediate medical attention. Here are some of the consequences and potential subsequent events that may follow third degree burns:
1. Initial Pain and Shock: The immediate experience of a third degree burn often includes intense pain. However, as nerve endings are severely damaged, the area may eventually become numb. If the burn affects a large surface area, the body can go into shock, a life-threatening condition characterized by a drop in blood pressure and slowed heart rate.
2. Tissue Destruction and Eschar Formation: The burned area may appear dry, waxy, and leathery due to the destruction of the skin layers. A thick layer of dead tissue, called an "eschar," forms as a natural protective covering. This eschar shields the underlying tissues but requires specialized care and monitoring.
3. Infection Risk: Third degree burns create open wounds susceptible to infection. Bacteria can easily enter the damaged tissue, leading to potentially life-threatening infections that may require systemic antibiotics and wound care procedures.
4. Fluid Loss and Dehydration: Extensive burns can cause a significant loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body through the damaged skin. This fluid loss can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and potentially even kidney damage.
5. Scarring and Contractures: As third degree burns heal, scars may form. These scars can cause functional limitations, especially if they affect areas like joints, limbs, or the face. Contractures, which are tight, scar-related skin bands that restrict movement, may also develop over time and require surgical correction.
6. Long-term Skin and Tissue Changes: Third degree burns can result in permanent skin alterations and tissue loss. The affected area may become less elastic, pigmented, or even hairless. Specialized treatments such as skin grafts, tissue expansion, and reconstructive surgeries may be necessary to restore function and appearance.
7. Psychological and Emotional Impact: Severe burns can have significant psychological and emotional consequences. Survivors may experience anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and body image concerns. Emotional support, therapy, and counseling play crucial roles in the recovery process.
8. Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy: After healing from third degree burns, physical rehabilitation may be necessary to restore mobility, strength, and function. Depending on the location and extent of the burn injuries, occupational therapy or specialized rehabilitation protocols may be required to regain normal movement and functionality.
Given the severity of third degree burns, prompt medical intervention and comprehensive care are essential to minimize complications, promote healing, and support physical, psychological, and functional recovery.