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Beta Blockers Most Commonly Used by EMS

Beta-blockers are a class of medications that "block" your body's natural hormone epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, according to the Mayo Clinic. Primary uses include reduction of blood pressure, as the reduction in adrenaline slows the heart down, reducing the force of your heartbeat and, consequently, your blood pressure. Beta-blockers often prescribed to individuals include Atenolol, Metoprolol, and Coreg.



EMS personnel administer beta-blockers and other medications in emergency situations.

  1. Metoprolol

    • Also known as Lopressor, this medication treats chest pain, heart attacks and high blood pressure, according to the PDR Health website. Before administering Metoprolol, EMS personnel may ask about pre-existing heart conditions such as heart blocks, a slow heartbeat (bradycardia), sick-sinus syndrome, poor circulation or a history of respiratory diseases such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Potential side effects include allergic reaction, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, low blood pressure, insomnia, fatigue, depression, confusion, short-term memory loss, bradycardia, itching, rash and heart failure.

    Labetalol

    • Labetalol is used to treat high blood pressure, and the American Academy of Family Physicians cites it as one of the most frequently used medications for preeclampsia, or high blood pressure induced by pregnancy. Contraindications listed at PDR Health are the same as for Metoprolol. This medication is sometimes used in conjunction with diuretics, which reduce blood pressure by removing excess water from the body. Potential side effects include allergic reaction, nausea, fatigue and indigestion.

    Propranolol

    • Per the PDR Health website, Propranolol treats high blood pressure, as well as a number of other symptoms, including chest pain, irregular heart rhythms, adrenal gland tumors and migraine headaches. It also decreases the risk of death after a major heart attack. Avoid this medication for those with asthma, some chronic heart arrhythmias, bradycardia or congestive heart failure. Possible adverse reactions include allergic reactions, feeling lightheaded, low blood pressure, nausea and bradycardia.

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