How Are Multiple Blocked Arteries Treated?

Medically defined as atherosclerosis, an accumulation of fatty deposits called plaque, hardens and clogs arteries throughout the body. Lifestyle changes, medication, and surgery are all steps undertaken to clear away this life-threatening disease.

Significance

• Arterial vascular disease is the medical term used to define the build-up of plaque in the arteries. This blockage restricts the blood flow and oxygen crucial for healthy function of various parts of the body.

Types

• Carotid arterial disease refers to blockage in the neck. Coronary arterial disease is brought on by restriction of blood to the heart. Peripheral arterial disease affects arms and legs.

Treatment

• Lifestyle changes, such as increased exercise and healthier eating, are suggested by physicians. Pharmaceuticals also play a large role in treatment. "Medications used for lowering blood cholesterol have been effective in preventing the progression of atherosclerosis," says the Eastern Maine Medical Center in Bangor.

Medication

• How are multiple blocked arteries treated medicinally? Cilostazol and pentoxifylline are prescribed for peripheral arterial disease. Statins may be used to lower cholesterol. Aspirin, or a medication called clopidogrel, minimize clotting and help blood flow.

Surgical

• Should simpler treatment prove ineffective, surgical procedures may become necessary. A carotid endarterectomy strips away plaque in neck arteries while angioplasty opens up blocked arteries in any area suffering from vascular disease. Tiny metal tubes called stents prop open the blockage. Bypass surgery is typically used for peripheral and coronary arterial disease.