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Define Arteriosclerosis

Arteriosclerosis simply means hardening of the arteries. It is a process in which the artery walls thicken and blood flow to bodily tissues and organs may be reduced or restricted.

  1. Features

    • Healthy arteries are elastic and flexible, but over time they can become stiff. Plaque can build up along artery walls, preventing the blood from flowing as it should.

    Causes

    • The exact cause of arteriosclerosis is unknown, but risk factors are high cholesterol, high blood pressure and smoking. Certain health conditions such as diabetes may also play a role in the development of arteriosclerosis.

    Effects

    • Since arteriosclerosis hampers blood flow, it can cause a heart attack or stroke. It can also affect the extremities (legs, arms) and other bodily organs.

    Symptoms

    • Symptoms may depend on the area of the body in which there is arterial blockage. A blocked artery in the legs may cause cramps, whereas blockage in the head can cause numbness and/or dizziness. Blockage in a heart artery most often will cause chest pain.

    Treatment

    • Severe arterial blockage may require surgery and the insertion of a small tube called a stent to keep the artery open.

    Prevention

    • Lifestyle changes that include lowering your cholesterol, not smoking, regular exercise and eating healthy can help to prevent the development of arteriosclerosis.

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