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Symptoms of Blood Clots

MedBroadcast defines a blood clot as "semi-solid masses of sticky blood cells that form when a blood vessel is damaged" (see Resources). Normal blood clots are necessary, for example, when healing a cut to make the blood stop flowing out of the body. Then they naturally break down on their own. Some blood clots, though, pose serious life risks and must be addressed immediately by a medical professional.

  1. Types

    • "Deep venous thrombosis" is a blood clot that blocks circulation in the veins of the lower body. "Thrombi" refers to blood clots that block arteries. "Embolism" is when a blood clot breaks away. "Superficial thrombophlebitis" is when a clot is in the veins near the skin's surface.

    Symptoms

    • When experiencing any of the following symptoms, seek immediate medical attention: pain and swelling in the leg, redness, skin warm to the touch and/or cramping. Go immediately to an emergency department when experiencing chest pain, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing or fainting.

    Causes

    • Clots can form when sitting or lying for prolonged periods of time, such as in a car or on a plane, or when on bed rest for illness or surgery. Women who take birth control pills, especially as smokers, run a higher risk of developing clots. Trauma or injury to the leg can cause blood clots.

    Risk Factors

    • People who are obese, have a family history of blood clots or a personal history of previous clots, or who suffer from cardiovascular disease, are more prone to developing blood clots. Unexplained miscarriages can also contribute to blood clots. People who suffer from hypercoagulability tend to have blood that clots more frequently.

    Treatment

    • A doctor will often prescribe blood thinners (anticoagulants) to break up the clot. Warm, moist packs can be applied to the affected area for about 15 to 20 minutes at a time, keeping the area elevated. Walking for a few minutes every hour is also encouraged. Occasionally, ibuprofen may be used as an anti-inflammatory.

    Prevention

    • Avoid prolonged periods of sitting or bed rest. Move as soon as possible after surgery. Use elastic stockings after surgery. Move around a few minutes every hour. Lose weight and quit smoking. Avoid high doses of estrogen.

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