Why does choking happen?

Choking occurs when an object or substance blocks the airway, partially or completely obstructing the flow of air into and out of the lungs. This can happen for various reasons:

1. Foreign Body Obstruction: This is the most common cause of choking. When a person inhales a foreign object such as food, a small toy, or other objects, it can become lodged in the airway, blocking the passage of air.

2. Food Impaction: Certain foods, such as large pieces of meat, hard candy, or sticky foods, can become stuck in the throat, leading to choking.

3. Laryngeal Spasm: A laryngeal spasm is an involuntary contraction of the muscles around the voice box (larynx). This can cause the airway to narrow or completely close, making breathing difficult. Laryngeal spasms can be triggered by various factors, including allergies, asthma, or emotional stress.

4. Compression of the Airway: External compression of the airway can also cause choking. This can occur during strangulation, hanging, or when a person is lying in an awkward position that puts pressure on the throat.

5. Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions can increase the risk of choking. These include conditions that cause difficulty swallowing, such as dysphagia, neurological disorders, or tumors in the throat or neck.

6. Infections: Infections that cause swelling in the throat, such as tonsillitis or epiglottitis, can narrow the airway and lead to choking.

7. Anatomical Abnormalities: Some people may have anatomical abnormalities, such as a deviated septum or enlarged tonsils, which can make them more prone to choking.

It's important to note that choking can also occur in infants and young children due to their smaller airways and developing swallowing skills. Children may choke on small objects, food, or even saliva.

If a person is choking, immediate action needs to be taken to dislodge the obstruction and restore the flow of air. The appropriate response may involve a combination of back blows, chest thrusts (Heimlich maneuver), and calling for emergency help.