Healthy Lifestyle, High Cholesterol: What’s the Cause?
While a healthy lifestyle can positively impact cholesterol levels, genetic factors and underlying medical conditions can also play a significant role in elevated cholesterol levels. Cholesterol levels may not be influenced solely by lifestyle factors in many cases. Here's a closer look at the causes of high cholesterol:
1. Genetics and Family History:
- Inherited genetic variations can affect the body's ability to process and regulate cholesterol. Certain gene mutations may disrupt cholesterol metabolism, making individuals more susceptible to high cholesterol levels.
2. Medical Conditions:
- Certain health problems, such as diabetes, kidney disease, and thyroid issues, can affect cholesterol levels. Dyslipidemia, a condition where abnormal levels of lipids, including cholesterol, are present, can be caused by these underlying medical conditions.
3. Diet:
- Consuming a diet high in saturated and trans fats, cholesterol, and refined carbohydrates can contribute to elevated cholesterol levels. Overeating, especially foods rich in unhealthy fats, can also increase the risk.
4. Obesity and Weight:
- Being overweight or obese can elevate cholesterol levels. Excess weight, particularly around the waistline, can lead to increased production of "bad" cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of "good" cholesterol (HDL).
5. Physical Inactivity:
- A sedentary lifestyle and lack of regular exercise can lead to higher cholesterol levels. Physical activity helps increase HDL cholesterol and lowers LDL cholesterol.
6. Smoking and Alcohol Consumption:
- Smoking negatively affects cholesterol levels by reducing HDL cholesterol and increasing the oxidation of LDL cholesterol. Excessive alcohol intake, especially heavy and binge drinking, can elevate cholesterol levels.
7. Certain Medications:
- Some medications, such as anabolic steroids, certain chemotherapy drugs, and certain birth control pills, can influence cholesterol levels.
It's important to note that high cholesterol often doesn't have noticeable symptoms and can be detected only through blood tests. Regular monitoring of cholesterol levels, along with comprehensive health assessments, can help individuals understand their cholesterol profile and take steps to manage it effectively.