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What to Do About Low HDL Levels?

Cholesterol navigates through the bloodstream with the assistance of two types of proteins: low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL). LDL is often referred to as the "bad cholesterol" because it transports cholesterol from our liver to other parts of our body. This process makes cholesterol accessible and allows it to build up on artery walls. HDL is called the "good cholesterol;" it plays a significant role in removing the "bad cholesterol" from our bodies.

  1. Significance of Low HDL

    • Certain people have a higher risk factor for low HDL levels, including cigarette smokers, men 45 years or older and women 55 years or older. Some individuals who have a related hereditary background, heart disease, diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure also tend to have low HDL levels. Low HDL increases your risk for stroke, heart attack or other cardiovascular problems. A recent study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention (November 2009) showed that low HDL was associated with cancer.
      HDL works by attaching itself to excess cholesterol, which was left by LDL on blood vessels. The cholesterol is returned to the liver to be recycled. The cholesterol is either reused or eliminated from the body. HDL has a high content of proteins, vitamins and antioxidant enzymes. This keeps cholesterol from accumulating on the artery walls, which may lead to a narrowing of the arteries. This oxidation of cholesterol causes a condition is called atherosclerosis and is associated with heart disease.

    Testing

    • According to the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, a HDL of 60ml/dl or higher provides protection against cardiovascular disease. For men, a low HDL level is less than 40 mg/d and less than 50 mg/dl for women. This means there is not a sufficient level of HDL in the blood. This condition increases the risk for cardiovascular disease. Everyone should know what their cholesterol levels are. You may have to raise your HDL.
      You can take a cholesterol screening test or a lipid profile, which is used by physicians to ascertain if your cholesterol levels are too high or if you have a low HDL level. The test measures cholesterol, LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides. If you have an increased risk factor for heart disease, you should have your HDL-C monitored by your physician on a regular basis.

    Raising HDL

    • People who are lean, work out regularly and refrain from smoking typically have higher HDL cholesterol. Lifestyle changes are the quickest ways to raise your HDL levels. Physical activities like jogging, skating, swimming and biking that are of long durations are more beneficial than vigorous regimens. You should also take steps to eliminate saturated and trans fats from your diet, read food labels and use healthy fats. Choose lean cuts of meat when you cook. When eating out, make healthy dining choices. Healthy fats like omega 3 will also help raise your HDL and simultaneously lower your LDL level.

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