Cold Relief Medications

Cold relief medications are over-the-counter and prescription drugs that help to assuage the symptoms of the common cold. When taken as directed, these medications can decrease the amount of time that a person spends suffering from the cold. There are several types of cold relief medications on the market that are grouped into different categories: cough suppressants, expectorants, decongestants and antihistamines.

Cough Suppressants

• As the name suggests, cough suppressants are the group of cold relief medications that decrease coughing symptoms. Coughing occurs when mucous in the throat and lungs triggers the cough reflex in the throat. Cough suppressants, like Robitussin, suppress this reflex, allowing the person to stop coughing and helping to clear up the mucous in the body.

Decongestants

• A decongestant is generally used to relieve a runny nose, one of the most common symptoms of the cold or flu. It is sprayed directly into the nasal passages to dry up the mucous and prevent it from dripping down. Side effects may include mild insomnia, especially if used at night.

Expectorants

• Expectorants are cold relief medications that relieve mucous build-up in the chest. These are best taken if a cough is mild and does not prevent a restful sleep. This cold relief medication will help to discharge the mucous from the chest so that it is coughed up and removed from the system. It will also moisturize the respiratory tract and decrease irritation.

Antihistamines

• An antihistamine is also used to stop a runny nose although it is usually taken orally instead of sprayed into the nose. It works by decreasing the production of mucous in the nose. An antihistamine can also decrease sneezing. A common side effect is drowsiness, thus it is best used in the evening.