What systems are affected by the common cold?

1. Respiratory system

The common cold primarily affects the respiratory system, causing inflammation and irritation of the nose, throat, sinuses, and airways. Symptoms include a runny nose, nasal congestion, sore throat, sneezing, and coughing.

2. Gastrointestinal system

Some people may experience gastrointestinal symptoms with the common cold, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

3. Neurologic system

Headaches, fatigue, and overall malaise are often associated with the common cold and are caused by the inflammatory response within the body.

4. Musculoskeletal system

Muscle aches and joint pain can also accompany the common cold, usually related to the全身炎症response or secondary to dehydration.

5. Ocular system

Redness, swelling, and tearing of the eyes may occur with the common cold.

It's worth noting that the common cold typically causes mild and self-resolving symptoms that affect different individuals in varying degrees and combinations. Most of the affected systems are directly or indirectly influenced by the inflammation and viral replication in the respiratory tract.

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