How effective are antihistamines and decongestants in treating the common cold?

The common cold is a viral infection of the nose and throat caused by a variety of viruses, including rhinovirus, coronavirus, and parainfluenza virus. It is spread through contact with an infected person or through the air by coughing or sneezing. Symptoms of the common cold include a runny nose, congestion, sore throat, cough, sneezing, and fatigue.

Antihistamines and decongestants are two types of medications that are commonly used to treat the symptoms of the common cold. Antihistamines block the effects of histamine, a chemical that is released by the body in response to an allergen. Histamine causes the inflammation and swelling that is associated with allergies and the common cold. Decongestants constrict the blood vessels in the nose, which reduces swelling and congestion.

There is some evidence to suggest that antihistamines and decongestants can be effective in treating the symptoms of the common cold. A study published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine found that antihistamines were effective in reducing the severity of symptoms in patients with the common cold. Another study published in the journal Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews found that decongestants were effective in reducing congestion in patients with the common cold.

However, it is important to note that antihistamines and decongestants do not cure the common cold. They simply relieve the symptoms. In addition, these medications can cause side effects such as drowsiness, headaches, and stomach upset.

If you are considering using antihistamines or decongestants to treat the common cold, it is important to talk to your doctor first. They can help you determine if these medications are right for you and can recommend the best dosage.

Here are some other tips for treating the common cold:

* Get plenty of rest.

* Drink plenty of fluids.

* Use a humidifier to keep the air in your home moist.

* Gargle with salt water to soothe a sore throat.

* Take over-the-counter pain relievers to reduce fever and aches.