Influenza & Treatment Guidelines

Most people get over influenza, or the flu, after a few days of at-home treatment. Flu sufferers with pre-existing medical conditions and those with compromised immune systems can develop complications from the viral infection that could be fatal. Knowing when to see a doctor, self-care and prescription medications for severe cases are extremely important in stopping the spread of influenza.

Home Treatment

• If you catch influenza and you do not have any other medical conditions or a weakened immune system, the best thing to do is stay home and rest to help your immune system fight off the infection. Prevent dehydration by drinking water and juice and eating warm soup. Chicken soup can help break up congestion for influenza symptom relief.

  Use over-the-counter pain relievers or cold and flu medications to help ease your symptoms until the infection goes away. Always take medications exactly as directed. Do not give aspirin to children or teens, and check with your doctor before giving a child products that contain acetaminophen. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that you stay home for at least 24 hours after your fever is gone---and you are no longer on medications---to prevent spreading the virus to others.

When to See a Doctor

• People in certain categories or who have certain illnesses are more likely to develop complications from influenza. According to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, you should see a doctor if you have the flu and are pregnant or over the age of 65. Children under 5 should receive medical attention for flu symptoms, and it is especially important for babies under 2 to see a doctor.

  People who have chronic lung disease, heart disease, asthma, weakened immune systems from medication or diseases such as HIV, AIDS or cancer, and those younger than 19 on long-term aspirin therapy, should be examined if they develop influenza symptoms. See a doctor if you think you have influenza if you have a blood, endocrine, kidney, liver or metabolic disorder as well.

  Difficulty breathing, chest pain, confusion, severe vomiting and dizziness are emergency signs of a possible complication due to influenza in adults. Seek immediate medical attention if you exhibit any of these symptoms. In addition to the above symptoms, children should receive emergency medical treatment if they will not drink, wake up or interact. Children who develop a rash along with fever or who exhibit a bluish skin color should also be taken to a doctor immediately.

Prescription Treatment

• Doctors give patients with serious cases of influenza antiviral drugs to help combat the infection and help them get better faster. Antiviral medications can also prevent serious complications. The two most common antiviral medications for influenza are Tamiflu and Relenza. Tamiflu is an oral drug, while Relenza is an inhaled medication. People with respiratory conditions, such as lung disease or asthma, should not take Relenza. The most common side effects of antiviral medications are nausea, vomiting, lightheadedness and loss of appetite. Tamiflu can cause confusion and increase the risk of self-injury in some individuals, especially children.