Difference Between a Common Cold & Infection of the Airways

Many people mistake a serious infection of the bronchi, the tubes that lead to your lungs, and the common cold. Understanding the differences can help you make important decisions about your health.

Common Cold

• A cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract, or your nose and throat. This condition is relatively harmless, although it doesn't feel that way. It will usually pass after a few days of rest. If your eyes are watery, your nose is stuffy, and your throat is sore, chances are you have a cold.

Treatment for a Cold

• Since there is no cure of a cold, the best thing you can do is rest. Take pain medication to reduce any fever and alleviate a sore throat. Decongestant sprays and cough syrup may help make you more comfortable so you can sleep. You should not take medications for prolonged periods of time. Drink lots of fluids, such as water, juice, or hot tea.

Bronchitis

• Bronchitis is an extension of a cold, in many cases. The same virus that causes infection of the nose and throat can also infect the bronchi. Bronchitis is more serious and requires medical attention. Symptoms of a bronchial infection include cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, possibly fever, and mild chest pain. The rare or one time occurrence of bronchitis is acute bronchitis.

Chronic Bronchitis

• Chronic bronchitis is thickening or inflammation of the bronchi that is reoccurring and possibly permanent. The number one cause of this form of bronchitis is smoking; however, irritants in the air, such as pollution or allergies, can also be a factor. A symptom of chronic bronchitis is cough that doesn't go away.

Treatment for Bronchitis

• Some forms of bronchitis might require antibiotics. Your doctor will make this determination. An inhaler, prescribed by your physician, may help open the airways and allow you to breathe freely. Along with medication, you should also get plenty of rest and drink fluids. Ongoing or chronic bronchitis may require long-term treatment.

When to See a Doctor

• You should see your doctor if you develop pain in your ears that might indicate ear infection; if your symptoms do not improve; or if you develop a cough that produces discharge such as blood or mucus. If your condition is making breathing extremely difficult, you should see a doctor immediately.