How does a psychologist who practices cognitive therapy try to help patient suffers from major depressive disorder?

A psychologist who practices cognitive therapy aims to help patients suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) by changing the way they think about themselves, the world, and the future. Cognitive therapy is based on the idea that our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected, and that negative thinking patterns can contribute to depression.

In cognitive therapy for MDD, the therapist helps the patient to identify and challenge these negative thinking patterns. This might involve:

- Identifying negative automatic thoughts (NATs): NATs are the negative thoughts that pop into our heads without us even realizing it. They are often distorted or unrealistic, but we can mistake them for the truth. For example, someone with depression might have the NAT "I'm a failure" every time they make a mistake.

- Challenging NATs: Once NATs have been identified, the therapist can help the patient to challenge them. This involves looking for evidence to support or refute the NATs, and considering alternative explanations for events. For example, the patient might realize that they are not a failure just because they made a mistake, and that everyone makes mistakes.

- Developing more helpful thinking patterns: Once NATs have been challenged, the therapist can help the patient to develop more helpful thinking patterns. This involves learning how to identify and replace negative thoughts with more realistic and positive ones. For example, the patient might learn to replace the NAT "I'm a failure" with the more helpful thought "I made a mistake, but that doesn't make me a failure."

Cognitive therapy can help patients with MDD to:

- Reduce their negative thinking patterns

- Improve their mood

- Increase their energy levels

- Improve their sleep

- Increase their concentration and attention

- Improve their social functioning

- Reduce their risk of relapse

Cognitive therapy is a well-established treatment for MDD, and it is effective for many people. It is typically provided on an individual or group basis, and it can last for several months.