Depression After the Death of a Parent

According to the American Psychiatric Association, the loss of a relationship or close attachment can cause a period of marked grief and emotional stress. This type of stress can affect a person's physical and emotional well-being. It is not uncommon for children to suffer from changes in mood, appetite and sleep. Experts note that a child who loses a parent at a younger age is at higher risk for depression.

Significance

• The death of a parent signifies the loss a primary attachment. The age and timing of such a loss can determine a child's risk for mood disorders such as depression, and younger children are at higher risk due to the disruption of a primary attachment relationship. Children normally gain a sense of stability and identity from these primary attachments, and when sudden changes occur it can be quite traumatic.

Features

• Depression has many common features, but the exact symptoms vary depending on the individual. Features of depression can include a pervasive sense of sadness, loss of concentration, sleep disturbances, changes in appetite and a loss of interest in day-to-day activities. These feelings can be expected after any major life change, but when many symptoms occur at the same time and they affect daily functioning, it may point toward a depressive episode.

Time Frame

• The process of grieving the loss of a parent has no set time frame. The initial phase of shock and depression can last several months because the loss marks such an extreme change. The nature of the loss, whether expected or sudden, can also influence the time frame for recovery. An unexpected loss of a parent due to an accident or sudden medical crisis can result in severe shock and, in turn, may produce more risk for a depressive episode.

Prevention/Solution

• Children who suffer the loss of a parent can prevent serious episodes of major depression and life disruption by turning to external sources for support. This can include professional counseling, group therapy meetings or self-care techniques. Those who actively seek additional sources of support during the grief process typically have lower risk for major depression and recover faster than those who do not seek support.

Expert Insight

• Experts agree that communicating and staying connected with others through the grieving process reduces risk for depression and other mood disorders. According to the National Institutes of Health, individuals who are more isolated during a major loss tend to suffer from more stress and are at higher risk for depression. Mental health professionals advise against isolation and disruption of normal activities. It is important to maintain a sense of structure and depend on others for support through times of severe stress.