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Definition of SSRI

Approximately 15 million American adults suffer from major depression each year. SSRIs, or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, are available for treating chemical imbalances associated with depression.

  1. History

    • The first SSRI on the market in the United States was Prozac, which was released in 1988.

    Function

    • SSRIs block reuse of serotonin by cells that produce serotonin, leading to higher levels in the brain. Low levels of serotonin are associated with depressed mood.

    Types

    • Examples of SSRIs include Paxil (paroxetine), Celexa (citalopram) and Prozac (fluoxetine).

    Uses

    • SSRIs primarily are used for treating depression but also may be used for treating anxiety and eating disorders.

    Side Effects

    • Common side effects of SSRIs include gastrointestinal problems, weight gain, insomnia, drowsiness, headache, dizziness, shakiness, sexual dysfunction and an increase likelihood of mania in individuals with bipolar disorder.

    Related Medications

    • Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (such as Effexor and Cymbalta) increase levels of serotonin and norepinephrine by blocking reuptake of both. Other medications, such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricylics (TCAs) may raise serotonin levels using a different mechanism than selectively blocking reuptake.

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