What Is Exogenous Depression?

Exogenous depression (also called reactive or situational depression) arises from an external trauma or stressful event, such as a job loss or death of a loved one. It is contrasted with endogenous depression which arises without an external identifiable cause and is attributed to a chemical imbalance.

Duration

• Exogenous depression is a short term illness, as opposed to endogenous depression, which is a chronic or life long condition.

Symptoms

• Both exogenous and endogenous depression are characterized by some or all of the following symptoms: persistent sadness, apathy, feelings of hopelessness, irritability, restlessness, fatigue, insomnia or excessive sleeping, unexplained aches and pains or digestive problems, or thoughts of suicide.

Considerations

• An individual may experience both endogenous and exogenous depression simultaneously. In fact, it may be difficult to distinguish between endogenous and exogenous depression because many people suffering from depression have been subject to recent stressful events, whether or not they also have a chemical imbalance. According to John McManamy of Depression and Bipolar Web, doctors treating depression are more likely to view it as an "interaction between genes, environment, past experiences, and biology," possibly triggered by stressful events.

Treatment

• Doctors treat exogenous and endogenous depression similarly. Treatment depends upon the individual, and usually involves a combination of medication (such as antidepressants) and psychotherapy (or "talk" therapy). In more severe or resistant depression, electroconvulsive therapy may be employed.

Warning

• Depression is a serious medical condition. If you or someone you know is suffering from symptoms of depression, consult a doctor.